A muffler (or silencer in British English) is a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by a machine. On internal combustion engines, the engine exhaust blows out through the muffler. The internal combustion engine muffler or silencer was developed in parallel with the firearm suppressor by Hiram Percy Maxim.
Mufflers are typically installed along the exhaust pipe as part of the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (of a vehicle, or stationary) to reduce its exhaust noise. The muffler accomplishes this with a resonating chamber, which is specifically tuned to cause destructive interference, where opposite sound waves cancel each other out.
Catalytic converters also often have a muffling effect.
Muffler Exhaust Videos
Advantages
Mufflers that reduced backpressure relative to earlier models became increasingly available in the late 20th century, and resulted in increased engine efficiency, performance, power output, and simultaneously decreased overall wear and tear on the engines' components, as well as sound to levels in compliance with the law.
Types and positions of mufflers
* With cars, lengthwise underneath, blowing backwards at the rear.
* With large diesel-powered trucks:-
o Mounted vertically behind the cab
o Crosswise under the front of the cab, blowing sideways.
* With motorcycles:
o Usually, beside the engine and rear wheel blowing backwards.
o Sometimes nowadays, under the seat blowing backwards from under the back of the seat.
Motorcycle enthusiasts sometimes use the term "raygun" for the old shape of motorcycle exhaust silencer/muffler with a long straight cylindrical barrel that merged roundedly at each end into the
pipe.
An exhaust system is usually tubing used to guide waste exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. The entire system conveys burnt gases from the engine and includes one or more exhaust pipes. Depending on the overall system design, the exhaust gas may flow through one or more of:
* Cylinder head and exhaust manifold
* A turbocharger to increase engine power.
* A catalytic converter to reduce air pollution.
* A muffler (North America) / silencer (Europe), to reduce noise.
Design criteria
An exhaust pipe must be carefully designed to carry toxic and/or noxious gases away from the users of the machine. Indoor generators and furnaces can quickly fill an enclosed space with carbon monoxide or other poisonous exhaust gases if they are not properly vented to the outdoors. Also, the gases from most types of machine are very hot; the pipe must be heat-resistant, and it must not pass through or near anything which can burn or can be damaged by heat. A chimney serves as an exhaust pipe in a stationary structure.
Motorcycles
In most motorcycles all or most of the exhaust system is visible and may be chrome plated as a display feature.
On a two-cylinder motorcycle, "siamese exhaust pipes" are where both cylinders blow into the same exhaust pipe. This usage is derived from "Siamese twin".
Trucks
In many trucks / lorries all or most of the exhaust system is visible. Often in such trucks the silencer is surrounded by a perforated metal sheath to avoid people getting burnt touching the hot silencer. This sheath may be chrome plated as a display feature. Part of the pipe between the engine and the silencer is often flexible metal industrial ducting, as in the image in the "Terminology".
Two-stroke engines
In a two-stroke engine, such as that used on dirt bikes, a bulge in the exhaust pipe known as an expansion chamber uses the pressure of the exhaust to create a pump that squeezes more air and fuel into the cylinder during the intake stroke. This provides greater power and fuel efficiency.
Ship's or large boat's onboard engine
With a ship's or large boat's onboard below-decks diesel engine:-
* Lagging the exhaust pipe stops it from overheating the engine room where people must work to service the engine.
* Feeding water into the exhaust pipe cools the exhaust gas and thus lessens the back-pressure at the engine's cylinders' exhaust ports and thus helps the cylinders to empty quicker.
Outboard motors
In outboard motors the exhaust system is usually a vertical passage through the engine structure and to reduce out-of-water noise blows out underwater, sometimes through the middle of the propeller.
Make your car sound like a turbo charger! Attach our turbo whistler to your muffler exhaust pipe and under heavy acceleration makes your car sound like a fake turbo charger.
The turbo whistler is an aluminum device which easily fits inside your car or trucks muffler exhaust pipe. Under heavy acceleration makes your car sound like it has a fake turbocharger. In some cars letting off the gas pedal releases backpressure in the muffler making the car sound like it has a small blow off valve. All your friends will think you have a turbocharger under your hood!
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